#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int p[10001];
vector<vector<int>> a;
vector<int> v;
void dfs(int u, int k, int cnt){
v[u] = cnt;
for(int e : a[u]) if(e != k) dfs(e, u, cnt + 1);
}
int send_message(int N, int i, int Pi) {
p[i] = Pi;
if(i == N - 1){
a.assign(N + 1, {}); v.assign(N + 1, 0);
for(int j = 1; j <= N; j++){a[p[j]].push_back(j);}
dfs(0, -1, 0); int mx = 1;
for(int j = 2; j <= N; j++) if(v[j] > v[mx]) mx = j;
return mx;
}
return 0;
}
pair<int, int> longest_path(vector<int> S) {
return {0, S.back()};
}
