#include <bits/stdc++.h>
// #include "meetings.h"
using namespace std;
#define fo(a, b, c) for (int a = b; a < c; a++)
#define ll long long
#define print(x) cout << x << "\n";
#define vint vector<int>
#define vll vector<long long>
vll maxx[10000]; // 750000
ll recur2(int l, int r, vint h)
{
if (r - l == 1)
{
return h[l];
}
ll numOnes = 0;
ll maxOnes = -1;
bool onOne = false;
fo(i, l, r)
{
if (h[i] == 1)
{
if (onOne)
{
numOnes++;
}
else
{
numOnes = 1;
onOne = true;
}
}
else if (onOne)
{
onOne = false;
maxOnes = max(maxOnes, numOnes);
numOnes = 0;
}
}
if (onOne)
{
onOne = false;
maxOnes = max(maxOnes, numOnes);
numOnes = 0;
}
return maxOnes + 2 * (r-l-maxOnes);
}
ll recur(int l, int r, vint h)
{ // r is non-inclsuive
if (r - l == 1)
{
return h[l];
}
else if (r == l)
{
return 0;
}
if (maxx[l][r - 1] != 0)
{
return maxx[l][r - 1];
}
ll maxH = -1;
fo(i, l, r)
{
maxH = max(maxH, (ll)h[i]);
}
vector<pair<pair<int, int>, ll>> aves;
// stores the left and right, and then the sum of the middle
int leftH = l;
fo(i, l, r)
{
if (h[i] == maxH)
{
if (i == l || h[i] != h[i - 1])
{
ll tmp = recur(leftH, i, h);
aves.push_back({{leftH, i}, tmp});
}
leftH = i + 1;
}
}
if (leftH != r)
{
ll tmp = recur(leftH, r, h);
aves.push_back({{leftH, r}, tmp});
}
// int index=-1;
ll smallest = 0ll + maxH * (r - l) + 1;
fo(i, 0, aves.size())
{
ll maxtmp = 0ll + aves[i].second + maxH * ((r - aves[i].first.second) + (aves[i].first.first - l));
if (maxtmp < smallest)
{
smallest = maxtmp;
}
}
maxx[l][r - 1] = smallest;
return smallest;
}
// h - heights
// l, r - left and right bounds of each meeting
vll minCosts;
vll minimum_costs(vint h, vint l, vint r)
{
int numMeetings = l.size();
minCosts.reserve(numMeetings);
fo(i, 0, h.size())
{
maxx[i].assign(h.size(), -1);
}
int maxx = 0;
fo(i, 0, h.size())
{
maxx = max(maxx, h[i]);
}
if (l.size() > 5000)
{
fo(i, 0, (int)numMeetings)
{
minCosts.push_back(recur2(l[i], r[i] + 1, h));
}
}
else
{
fo(i, 0, (int)numMeetings)
{
minCosts.push_back(recur(l[i], r[i] + 1, h));
}
}
return minCosts;
}
// int main()
// {
// ios::sync_with_stdio(0);
// cin.tie(0);
// // vint h = {2, 5, 1, 6, 8, 1, 4};
// // vint l = {0};
// // vint r = {6};
// int n, q;
// cin >> n >> q;
// vint h;
// int tmpa;
// fo(i, 0, n)
// {
// cin >> tmpa;
// h.push_back(tmpa);
// }
// vint l, r;
// int lH, rH;
// fo(i, 0, q)
// {
// cin >> lH >> rH;
// l.push_back(lH);
// r.push_back(rH);
// }
// // vint h = {877914575};
// // vint l = {0};
// // vint r = {(int)h.size() - 1};
// vll tmp = minimum_costs(h, l, r);
// fo(i, 0, tmp.size())
// {
// print(tmp[i]);
// }
// }
