#include "doll.h"
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef pair <ll, ll> pii;
#define precision(n) fixed << setprecision(n)
#define pb push_back
#define ub upper_bound
#define lb lower_bound
#define mp make_pair
#define eps (double)1e-9
#define PI 2*acos(0.0)
#define endl "\n"
#define sz(v) (int)(v).size()
#define all(v) v.begin(),v.end()
#define rall(v) v.rbegin(),v.rend()
#define do_not_disturb ios::sync_with_stdio(0);cin.tie(0);cout.tie(0);
int generate(vector <int> &after, int &s, vector <int> &x, vector <int> &y){
int saizu = sz(after);
if(!saizu){
return 0;
}
else if(saizu == 1){
return after[0];
}
else{
int j, k = 1, K = 0;
while(k < saizu) {
k *= 2;
K++;
}
vector <int> rev(k);
for(j = 0; j < k; j++){
rev[j] = rev[j/2]/2 | ((j&1) << (K-1));
}
int id = --s;
for(int lvl = 0; lvl < K-1; lvl++){
for(j = 0; j < (1 << lvl); j++){
if((j << (K-lvl)) + (1 << (K-lvl)) <= (k-saizu)){
}
else if((j << (K-lvl)) + (1 << (K-lvl-1)) <= (k-saizu)){
x.pb(id);
y.pb(--s);
}
else{
x.pb(--s);
y.pb(--s);
}
}
}
vector <int> go(k);
int ptr = 0;
for(j = 0; j < k; j++){
if(j < (k-saizu)){
}
else{
go[rev[j]] = after[ptr++];
}
}
for(j = 0; j < k/2; j++){
if(j*2+2 <= (k-saizu)){
}
else if(j*2+1 <= (k-saizu)){
x.pb(id);
y.pb(go[j*2+1]);
}
else{
x.pb(go[j*2]);
y.pb(go[j*2+1]);
}
}
return id;
}
}
void create_circuit(int M, vector<int> A){
int i;
vector <vector <int>> after(M+1);
vector <int> connected(M+1), x, y;
A.pb(0);
int n = sz(A);
for(i = 0; i < n; i++){
after[A[i]].pb(A[(i+1)%n]);
}
int s = 0;
for(i = 0; i <= M; i++){
connected[i] = generate(after[i], s, x, y);
}
/*
for(auto to : connected) cout << to << ' ';
cout << endl;
for(i = 0; i < sz(x); i++) cout << x[i] << ' ' << y[i] << endl;
*/
answer(connected, x, y);
}
