This submission is migrated from previous version of oj.uz, which used different machine for grading. This submission may have different result if resubmitted.
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
template<long long MOD>
class Num {
private:
long long expow(long long base, long long e) const {
long long ans = 1;
for (; e > 0; e/= 2) {
if (e % 2)
ans = ans * base % MOD;
base = base * base % MOD; }
return ans; }
public:
long long val;
Num(long long _val) {
val = _val % MOD;
val = val < 0 ? val + MOD : val; }
Num() : val(0) { }
inline Num operator + (const Num &arg) const {
Num res;
res.val = val + arg.val;
res.val = res.val >= MOD ? res.val - MOD : res.val;
return res; }
inline Num operator - (const Num &arg) const {
Num res;
res.val = val - arg.val;
res.val = res.val < 0 ? res.val + MOD : res.val;
return res; }
inline Num operator - () const {
Num res;
res.val = MOD - res.val;
res.val = res.val == MOD ? 0 : res.val;
return res; }
inline Num operator ^ (const int &arg) const {
return Num(expow(val, arg)); }
inline Num operator * (const Num &arg) const {
return Num(val * arg.val); }
inline Num operator / (const Num &arg) const {
return Num(val * expow(arg.val, MOD - 2)); }
inline void operator += (const Num &arg) {
(*this) = (*this) + arg; }
inline void operator -= (const Num &arg) {
(*this) = (*this) - arg; }
inline void operator *= (const Num &arg) {
(*this) = (*this) * arg; }
inline void operator /= (const Num &arg) {
(*this) = (*this) / arg; }
inline void operator ^= (const long long &arg) {
val = expow(val, arg); } };
template<long long MOD>
ostream &operator << (ostream &fo, const Num<MOD> &c) {
fo << c.val;
return fo; }
template<long long MOD>
istream &operator >> (istream &fi, Num<MOD> &c) {
fi >> c.val;
c = Num<MOD>(c.val);
return fi; }
const int MOD = 1e6 + 7, N = 10005;
Num<MOD> stirling[2][N], pwr2[N];
vector<int> v, pmax;
Num<MOD> ant;
int n;
int main() {
#ifdef HOME
freopen("teams.in", "r", stdin);
freopen("teams.out", "w", stdout);
#endif
ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(0), cout.tie(0);
pmax.reserve(N);
int mx = 0;
pwr2[0] = 1;
for (int i = 1; i < N; ++i)
pwr2[i] = pwr2[i - 1] * 2;
cin >> n;
v.resize(n);
pmax.push_back(0);
for (auto &i: v) {
cin >> i;
mx = max(mx, i);
pmax.push_back(mx); }
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
stirling[0][i] = 1;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
ant+= stirling[0][pmax[n - i]] * (v[n - i] - 1);
for (int j = 1; j <= n; ++j)
stirling[1][j] = stirling[0][j] * j + stirling[0][j + 1];
swap(stirling[0], stirling[1]); }
cout << ant + 1 << endl;
return 0; }
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