#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
namespace dsu_tree{
const int MAX = 2e5 + 5;
int lab[MAX], value[MAX], depth[MAX], used, timer_dfs, pos[MAX], rmq[20][MAX];
vector<int> adj[MAX];
int combine(int u, int v){
return depth[u] < depth[v] ? u : v;
}
int root(int u){
return lab[u] < 0 ? u : (lab[u] = root(lab[u]));
}
void add_edge(int u, int v, int label){
u = root(u);
v = root(v);
assert(u != v);
adj[used].emplace_back(u);
adj[used].emplace_back(v);
value[used] = label;
lab[u] = used;
lab[v] = used;
lab[used] = -1;
++used;
}
void dfs(int u){
rmq[0][pos[u] = timer_dfs++] = u;
for(auto v : adj[u]){
depth[v] = depth[u] + 1;
dfs(v);
rmq[0][timer_dfs++]= u ;
}
}
void init(int n){
fill(lab, lab + n, -1);
used = n;
timer_dfs = 0;
}
void process(){
dfs(used - 1);
for(int i = 1; (1 << i) <= timer_dfs; ++i){
for(int j = 0; j + (1 << i) <= timer_dfs; ++j){
rmq[i][j] = combine(rmq[i - 1][j], rmq[i - 1][j + (1 << (i - 1))]);
}
}
}
int get_lca(int u, int v){
u = pos[u];
v = pos[v];
if(u > v) swap(u, v);
int k = 31 - __builtin_clz(v - u + 1);
return combine(rmq[k][u], rmq[k][v - (1 << k) + 1]);
}
int get_min(int u, int v){
return value[get_lca(u, v)];
}
}
namespace weighted_tree{
const int MAX = 1e5 + 5;
int depth[MAX], tin[MAX], tout[MAX], timer_dfs, timer_rmq, pos[MAX], rmq[20][MAX];
vector<int> adj[MAX];
void add_edge(int u, int v){
adj[u].emplace_back(v);
adj[v].emplace_back(u);
}
void dfs(int u, int p){
tin[u] = ++timer_dfs;
rmq[0][pos[u] = timer_rmq++] = u;
for(auto v : adj[u]) if(v != p){
depth[v] = depth[u] + 1;
dfs(v, u);
rmq[0][timer_rmq++] = u;
}
tout[u] = timer_dfs;
}
bool in_subtree(int u, int v){
return tin[u] <= tin[v] && tout[v] <= tout[u];
}
int combine(int u, int v){
return depth[u] < depth[v] ? u : v;
}
void process(){
dfs(0, -1);
for(int i = 1; (1 << i) <= timer_rmq; ++i){
for(int j = 0; j + (1 << i) <= timer_rmq; ++j){
rmq[i][j] = combine(rmq[i - 1][j], rmq[i - 1][j + (1 << (i - 1))]);
}
}
}
int get_lca(int u, int v){
u = pos[u]; v = pos[v];
if(u > v) swap(u, v);
int k = 31 - __builtin_clz(v - u + 1);
return combine(rmq[k][u], rmq[k][v - (1 << k) + 1]);
}
}
struct disjoint_set_union{
vector<int> lab;
disjoint_set_union(int n) : lab(n, -1) {}
int root(int u){
return lab[u] < 0 ? u : (lab[u] = root(lab[u]));
}
bool join(int u, int v){
u = root(u);
v = root(v);
if(u == v) return false;
if(lab[u] > lab[v]) swap(u, v);
lab[u] += lab[v];
lab[v] = u;
return true;
}
bool same_set(int u, int v){ return root(u) == root(v); }
int size(int u){ return -lab[root(u)]; }
};
namespace Data{
const int MAX = 1e5;
int T = 566;
vector<int> nodes[MAX];
vector<int> answer[MAX];
}
using namespace Data;
namespace query_dsu{
int lab[MAX], comps[MAX];
void init(int n){
fill(lab, lab + n, -1);
fill(comps, comps + n, 0);
}
int root(int u){
return lab[u] < 0 ? u : (lab[u] = root(lab[u]));
}
int assign(int u, int v){
comps[u] = (1 << v);
}
bool join(int u, int v){
u = root(u);
v = root(v);
assert(u != v);
if(lab[u] > lab[v]) swap(u, v);
lab[u] += lab[v];
lab[v] = u;
comps[u] |= comps[v];
return true;
}
bool meet(int u){
u = root(u);
return comps[u] == 3;
}
void reset(int u){
lab[u] = -1;
comps[u] = 0;
}
}
void Init(int K, vector<int> F, vector<int> S, vector<int> E){
int N = (int)F.size();
int M = (int)S.size();
dsu_tree::init(N);
vector<vector<pair<int, int>>> g(N);
disjoint_set_union dsu(N);
for(int i = M - 1; i >= 0; --i){
if(dsu.join(S[i], E[i])){
g[S[i]].emplace_back(E[i], i + 1);
g[E[i]].emplace_back(S[i], i + 1);
dsu_tree::add_edge(S[i], E[i], i + 1);
weighted_tree::add_edge(S[i], E[i]);
}
}
dsu_tree::process();
weighted_tree::process();
for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i){
nodes[F[i]].emplace_back(i);
}
vector<bool> vis(N, false);
for(int i = 0; i < K; ++i){
if((int)nodes[i].size() >= T){
answer[i].resize(K, -1);
fill(vis.begin(), vis.end(), false);
vector<int> assignment(N, -1);
priority_queue<pair<int, int>> pq;
for(int u : nodes[i]){
pq.push({M, u});
assignment[u] = M;
}
while(!pq.empty()){
int mn, u;
tie(mn, u) = pq.top();
pq.pop();
if(vis[u]) continue;
answer[i][F[u]] = max(answer[i][F[u]], mn);
vis[u] = true;
for(auto [v, w] : g[u]){
if(!vis[v] && assignment[v] < min(w, mn)){
assignment[v] = min(w, mn);
pq.push({assignment[v], v});
}
}
}
}
}
for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i){
sort(nodes[i].begin(), nodes[i].end(), [&](int u, int v){
return weighted_tree::tin[u] < weighted_tree::tin[v];
});
}
query_dsu::init(N);
}
vector<int> merge_sort(const vector<int>& A, const vector<int>& B){
vector<int> C;
int i = 0, j = 0;
while(i < (int)A.size() || j < (int)B.size()){
if(i == (int)A.size()) C.emplace_back(B[j++]);
else if(j == (int)B.size()) C.emplace_back(A[i++]);
else if(weighted_tree::tin[A[i]] < weighted_tree::tin[B[j]]) C.emplace_back(A[i++]);
else C.emplace_back(B[j++]);
}
return C;
}
int solve_vt(vector<int> A, vector<int> B){
for(auto u : A) query_dsu::assign(u, 0);
for(auto u : B) query_dsu::assign(u, 1);
vector<int> v = merge_sort(A, B);
int cur = (int)v.size();
for(int i = 1; i < cur; ++i){
v.emplace_back(weighted_tree::get_lca(v[i - 1], v[i]));
}
sort(v.begin(), v.end(), [&](int u, int v){
return weighted_tree::tin[u] < weighted_tree::tin[v];
});
v.erase(unique(v.begin(), v.end()), v.end());
stack<int> st;
st.push(v[0]);
vector<tuple<int, int, int>> edges;
for(int i = 1; i < (int)v.size(); ++i){
while(!weighted_tree::in_subtree(st.top(), v[i])) st.pop();
edges.emplace_back(dsu_tree::get_min(st.top(), v[i]), st.top(), v[i]);
st.push(v[i]);
}
sort(edges.rbegin(), edges.rend());
int ans = -1;
for(auto [w, u, v] : edges){
query_dsu::join(u, v);
if(query_dsu::meet(u)){
ans = w;
break;
}
}
assert(ans != -1);
for(auto u : v) query_dsu::reset(u);
return ans;
}
int Separate(int A, int B){
if((int)nodes[A].size() < (int)nodes[B].size()) swap(A, B);
if(!answer[A].empty()) return answer[A][B];
return solve_vt(nodes[A], nodes[B]);
}
#ifdef LOCAL
int main(){
ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0);
int N, M, K, Q;
cin >> N >> M >> K >> Q;
vector<int> F(N);
for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i) cin >> F[i];
vector<int> S(M), E(M);
for(int i = 0; i < M; ++i) cin >> S[i] >> E[i];
Init(K, F, S, E);
while(Q--){
int A, B;
cin >> A >> B;
cout << Separate(A, B) << '\n';
}
return 0;
}
#endif //LOCAL
컴파일 시 표준 에러 (stderr) 메시지
island.cpp: In function 'int query_dsu::assign(int, int)':
island.cpp:166:5: warning: no return statement in function returning non-void [-Wreturn-type]
166 | }
| ^
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