This submission is migrated from previous version of oj.uz, which used different machine for grading. This submission may have different result if resubmitted.
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <ext/pb_ds/assoc_container.hpp>
#include <ext/pb_ds/tree_policy.hpp>
#include <random>
using namespace std;
using namespace __gnu_pbds;
#define bitcount __builtin_popcountll
vector<int> adj[100000];
vector<pair<int,int>> bridges;
int dep[100000], low[100000];
void dfs(int u, int p) {
low[u] = dep[u] = dep[p] + 1;
for (int ch : adj[u]) {
if (ch == p) continue;
if (dep[ch] == 0) { // tree edge
dfs(ch, u);
low[u] = min(low[u], low[ch]);
} else { // back edge
low[u] = min(low[u], dep[ch]);
}
}
if (low[u] == dep[u] && u != p) {
bridges.emplace_back(u+1, p+1);
}
}
signed main() {
ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(nullptr);
cout.tie(nullptr);
int n,m; cin >> n >> m;
while (m--) {
int a,b; cin >> a >> b;
adj[--a].push_back(--b);
adj[b].push_back(a);
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) if (dep[i] == 0) {
dfs(i, i);
}
for (auto [a, b] : bridges) {
cout << a << " " << b << "\n";
}
}
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