#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define sp << " " <<
#define int long long
#define vi vector<int>
#define F(xxx,yyy) for (int xxx=1;xxx<=yyy;xxx++)
#define pii pair<int,int>
#define pb push_back
const int N = 2e5+1;
const int inf = 1e9+1;
void solve() {
int a,b;
cin >> a >> b;
if (a > b) swap(a,b);
cout << (a-1)*2 << endl;
}
signed main() {
ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0);cin.tie(0);cout.tie(0);
#ifdef Local
freopen("in","r",stdin);
freopen("out","w",stdout);
#endif
int t = 1;
cin >> t;
F(i,t) solve();
}
