Submission #869447

#TimeUsernameProblemLanguageResultExecution timeMemory
869447LeThanhMinhNetwork (BOI15_net)C++14
100 / 100
591 ms102836 KiB
    // Problem: H. Hai đường đi
    // Contest: Codeforces - 2023 winter contest #41, Dalat winter training camp, round 1
    // URL: https://gspvh23.contest.codeforces.com/group/FIWwc7nF6c/contest/484130/problem/H
    // Memory Limit: 512 MB
    // Time Limit: 2250 ms
    // 
    // Powered by CP Editor (https://cpeditor.org)
     
    /*CP template version 3.0 - Laconic*/
     
    #include <bits/stdc++.h>
     
    #define ii pair<int, int>
    #define fs first
    #define sc second
     
    //use struct instead of pair<int, ii>
     
    #define int long long
     
    #define show(v) {for (auto i : v) cout << i << " "; cout << endl;}
    #define showlr(v, l, r) {for (int i = l; i <= r; i++) cout << v[i] << " "; cout << endl;}
    #define all(v) v.begin(), v.end()
    #define SUnique(v) {sort(all(v)); v.erase(unique(all(v)), v.end());}
    #define forlr(i, l, r) for (int i = l; i <= r; i++)
    #define forrl(i, r, l) for (int i = r; i >= l; i--)
     
    #pragma GCC Optimize("O2")
    #define endl "\n"
    #define precise(x) cout << fixed << setprecision(x);
     
    using namespace std;
     
    const int N = 5e5 + 100;
    const int MOD = 1e9 + 7;
    const int INF = 1e9;
    const int LOG = 25;
    const long long LINF = 1e15 + 100;
     
    const int dx[4] = {1, 0, -1, 0};
    const int dy[4] = {0, -1, 0, 1};
     
    ostream& operator << (ostream &os, ii a) {
        
        os << a.fs << ' ' << a.sc;
        return os;
        
    }
     
    int binPow(int a, int b, int m = LLONG_MAX) {
        
        int prod = 1;
        a %= m;
        
        while (b) {
            
            if (b & 1) prod = prod * a % m;
            a = a * a % m;
            b /= 2;
            
        }
        
        return prod;
        
    }
     
    void setIO(string s) {
        
        if (s.empty()) return;
        
        freopen((s + ".inp").c_str(), "r", stdin);
        freopen((s + ".out").c_str(), "w", stdout);
        
    }
     
    //Try Brute Force (maybe there is a pattern)
    //Try DP (Weird constraints (sum of all elements <= 10000), small constraints)
    //Try Graph (a pair of number, condition between elements)
    //Try Geometry (Same as graph, for coordinate)
     
    //Try switching between problem
    //Put down what you have on paper
    //IMPORTANT: WRITE DOWN THE FORMULA
     
    int n, m, q, k;
    int arr[N];
    vector<int> adj[N], adj1[N];
     
    int low[N], num[N], head[N], timeDfs;
    stack<int> st;
    int bccId[N], bcc;
     
    void tarjan(int u, int pre) {
        
        st.push(u);
        num[u] = low[u] = ++timeDfs;
         
        for (int v : adj[u]) {
            
            if (v == pre) continue;
            if (num[v]) {
                
                low[u] = min(low[u], num[v]);
                
            } else {
                
                tarjan(v, u);
                low[u] = min(low[u], low[v]);
     
            }
            
        }
        
        if (num[u] == low[u]) {
            
            bcc++;
            int tmp;
            head[bcc] = u;
            
            do {
                
                tmp = st.top();
                bccId[tmp] = bcc;
                st.pop();
                num[u] = INF;
                
            } while (tmp != u);
     
        }
        
    }
     
    vector<int> leaf;
     
    void dfs1(int u, int pre) {
    	
    	if (adj1[u].size() == 1) {
    		
    		leaf.push_back(u);
    		if (u != pre) return;
    		
    	}
    	
    	for (int v : adj1[u]) {
    		
    		if (v == pre) continue;
    		dfs1(v, u);
    		
    	}
    	
    }
     
    mt19937 rng(chrono::steady_clock().now().time_since_epoch().count());
     
    ii edges[N];
     
    void solve() {
    	
    	cin >> n;
    	forlr(i, 1, n) adj[i].clear(), adj1[i].clear();
    	leaf.clear();
    	fill(bccId + 1, bccId + n + 1, 0);
    	fill(low + 1, low + n + 1, 0);
    	fill(num + 1, num + n + 1, 0);
    	fill(head + 1, head + n + 1, 0);
    	timeDfs = 0;
    	bcc = 0;
    	while (st.size()) st.pop();
    	
    	forlr(i, 1, n - 1) {
    		
    		int u, v; cin >> u >> v;
    		edges[i] = {u, v};
    		adj[u].push_back(v);
    		adj[v].push_back(u);
    		
    	}
    	
    	tarjan(1, 1);
    		
    	forlr(i, 1, n - 1) {
    		
    		auto [u, v] = edges[i];			
    		int idU = bccId[u], idV = bccId[v];
    		if (idU == idV) continue;
    		adj1[idU].push_back(idV);
    		adj1[idV].push_back(idU);
    		
    	}
    	
    	forlr(i, 1, n) SUnique(adj1[i]);
    	
    	dfs1(1, 1);
    	
    	vector<ii> res;
    	
    	int sz = leaf.size();
    	if (sz == 2) {
    		
    		cout << 1 << endl;
    		cout << head[leaf[0]] << " " << head[leaf[1]] << endl;
    		return;
    		
    	}
    	
    	if (sz <= 1) {
    		
    		cout << 0 << endl;
    		return;
    		
    	}
    	
    	forlr(i, 0, (sz - 1) / 2) res.push_back({head[leaf[i]], head[leaf[i + sz / 2]]});
    	
    	cout << res.size() << endl;
      	assert(res.size() == (sz + 1) / 2);
    	for (ii i : res) cout << i << endl;
        
    }
     
    signed main() {
        
        ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0);
        cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);    
        // setIO("biconnected");
        
        int T = 1;
        
        bool multiTest = 0;
        if (multiTest) cin >> T;
            
        while (T--) {
            
            solve();
        
        }
        
    }

Compilation message (stderr)

net.cpp:28: warning: ignoring '#pragma GCC Optimize' [-Wunknown-pragmas]
   28 |     #pragma GCC Optimize("O2")
      | 
net.cpp: In function 'void solve()':
net.cpp:183:12: warning: structured bindings only available with '-std=c++17' or '-std=gnu++17'
  183 |       auto [u, v] = edges[i];
      |            ^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/10/cassert:44,
                 from /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/10/bits/stdc++.h:33,
                 from net.cpp:11:
net.cpp:216:26: warning: comparison of integer expressions of different signedness: 'std::vector<std::pair<long long int, long long int> >::size_type' {aka 'long unsigned int'} and 'long long int' [-Wsign-compare]
  216 |        assert(res.size() == (sz + 1) / 2);
      |               ~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
net.cpp: In function 'void setIO(std::string)':
net.cpp:71:16: warning: ignoring return value of 'FILE* freopen(const char*, const char*, FILE*)' declared with attribute 'warn_unused_result' [-Wunused-result]
   71 |         freopen((s + ".inp").c_str(), "r", stdin);
      |         ~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
net.cpp:72:16: warning: ignoring return value of 'FILE* freopen(const char*, const char*, FILE*)' declared with attribute 'warn_unused_result' [-Wunused-result]
   72 |         freopen((s + ".out").c_str(), "w", stdout);
      |         ~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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