This submission is migrated from previous version of oj.uz, which used different machine for grading. This submission may have different result if resubmitted.
#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <bitset>
#include <cassert>
#include <chrono>
#include <cstring>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <queue>
#include <random>
#include <set>
#include <stack>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
// BEGIN NO SAD
#define rep(i, a, b) for(int i = a; i < (b); ++i)
#define trav(a, x) for(auto& a : x)
#define all(x) x.begin(), x.end()
#define sz(x) (int)(x).size()
#define mp make_pair
#define pb push_back
#define eb emplace_back
#define lb lower_bound
#define ub upper_bound
typedef vector<int> vi;
#define f first
#define s second
// END NO SAD
typedef long long ll;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
typedef pair<ll, ll> pll;
typedef vector<vector<ll>> matrix;
int find(vector<int>& p, int x) {
return p[x] == x ? x : (p[x] = find(p, p[x]));
}
bool merge(vector<int>& p, int x, int y) {
x = find(p, x);
y = find(p, y);
if(x == y) return false;
p[x] = y;
return true;
}
bool visited[100005];
vector<int> edges[100005];
int aptime = 1;
int discTime[100005];
int low[100005];
int parv[100005];
void dfsForAP(int curr, int parent) {
visited[curr] = true;
int numchild = 0;
discTime[curr] = low[curr] = ++aptime;
sort(all(edges[curr]));
for(int i = 0; i < sz(edges[curr]); ) {
int out = edges[curr][i];
bool dup = i+1 < sz(edges[curr]) && edges[curr][i] == edges[curr][i+1];
if(!visited[out]) {
numchild++;
parv[out] = curr;
dfsForAP(out, curr);
low[curr] = min(low[curr], low[out]);
if(!dup && low[out] > discTime[curr]) {
cout << curr << " " << out << "\n";
}
}
else if(out != parv[curr]) {
low[curr] = min(low[curr], discTime[out]);
}
if(dup) i += 2;
else i++;
}
}
void solve() {
int n, m;
cin >> n >> m;
vector<int> p1(n+1);
vector<int> p2(n+1);
iota(all(p1), 0);
iota(all(p2), 0);
while(m--) {
int a, b;
cin >> a >> b;
if(merge(p1, a, b)) {
edges[a].pb(b);
edges[b].pb(a);
}
else if(merge(p2, a, b)) {
edges[a].pb(b);
edges[b].pb(a);
}
}
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
if(visited[i]) continue;
dfsForAP(i, -1);
}
}
// what would chika do
// are there edge cases (N=1?)
// are array sizes proper (scaled by proper constant, for example 2* for koosaga tree)
// integer overflow?
// DS reset properly between test cases
// are you doing geometry in floating points
int main() {
ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(NULL); cout.tie(NULL);
solve();
}
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