#include "secret.h"
int MSB(int x) {
return 31 - __builtin_clz(x);
}
int table[10][1000];
void Init(int N, int A[]) {
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
table[0][i] = A[i];
}
for (int k = 1; k < 10; ++k) {
const int len = (1 << k);
for (int mid = len; mid < N; mid += 2 * len) {
table[k][mid - 1] = A[mid - 1];
table[k][mid] = A[mid];
for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
table[k][mid - i - 1] = Secret(A[mid - i - 1], table[k][mid - i]);
if (mid + i < N) {
table[k][mid + i] = Secret(table[k][mid + i - 1], A[mid + i]);
}
}
}
}
}
int Query(int L, int R) {
if (L == R) {
return table[0][L];
}
const auto k = MSB(L ^ R);
return Secret(table[k][L], table[k][R]);
}