#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef pair<int,int> pii;
// 1 - max, 2 - min
string s;
int l[2000004],r[2000004];
int op[2000004];
int cur = 0;
void process(int a, int b, int n) {
//cout<<a<<" "<<b<<"\n";
//cout<<"processing string: "<<s.substr(a,b-a+1)<<" "<<n<<'\n';
int cnt=0;
if(s[a]=='?') {
op[n]=-1; return;
}
else if(s[a+1]=='i')op[n]=0;
else op[n]=1;
if(s[a+4]=='?') {
cur++;
l[n]=cur;
//cout<<"call 1\n";
process(a+4,a+4,cur);
cur++;
r[n]=cur;
//cout<<"call 2\n";
process(a+6,b-1, cur);
return;
}
int idx=-1;
for(int i=a+4;i<b+1;i++) {
if(s[i]=='(') cnt++;
else if(s[i]==')') {
cnt--;
if(cnt==0) {
cur++;
l[n]=cur;
//cout<<"call 3\n";
process(a+4, i, cur);
idx=i;
break;
}
}
}
cur++;
r[n]=cur;
//cout<<"call 4\n";
process(idx+2, b-1,cur);
}
pii range[2000004];
int leaves[2000004];
void dfs(int x) {
if(op[x]==-1) {
range[x]={1,1};
leaves[x]=1;
return;
}
dfs(l[x]);
dfs(r[x]);
leaves[x] = leaves[l[x]] + leaves[r[x]];
if(op[x]==1) {
range[x].first = range[l[x]].first + range[r[x]].first;
range[x].second = leaves[x] - min(leaves[l[x]]-range[l[x]].second,
leaves[r[x]]-range[r[x]].second);
}
else {
range[x].first = min(range[l[x]].first, range[r[x]].first);
range[x].second = leaves[x] - (leaves[l[x]]-range[l[x]].second) -
(leaves[r[x]]-range[r[x]].second) - 1;
}
}
int main() {
ios::sync_with_stdio(0);
cin.tie(nullptr);
cin>>s;
int n = 0;
for(char c: s) {
if(c=='?')n++;
}
process(0, s.length()-1, 0);
dfs(0);
cout<<range[0].second-range[0].first+1;
return 0;
}
