This submission is migrated from previous version of oj.uz, which used different machine for grading. This submission may have different result if resubmitted.
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#pragma GCC optimize("Ofast")
#pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops")
#define ll long long
#define pb push_back
#define eb emplace_back
#define pu push
#define ins insert
#define bruh ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);cin.tie(0);cout.tie(0);
#define ff(x,a,b,c) for (auto x=a;x<=b;x+=c)
#define fd(x,a,b,c) for (auto x=a;x>=b;x-=c)
#define int ll
using namespace std;
//mt19937 mt(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
typedef pair<int, int> ii;
const int N = 2e5+5;
const int mod = 1e9+7;
const int inf = 1e18;
using cd = complex<double>;
const long double PI = acos(-1);
int power(int a,int b) {ll x = 1;if (a >= mod) a%=mod; while (b) {if (b & 1) x = x*a % mod;a = a*a % mod;b>>=1;}return x;}
int n, root, sz[N], l[N], r[N], idx = 0, ans, sum, bit[N];
//BIT
void update(int u,int val)
{
for (;u<=n+5;u += u&(-u)) bit[u] += val;
}
int get(int u)
{
int res = 0;
for (;u>0;u -= u&(-u)) res += bit[u];
return res;
}
void reset(int u)
{
if (u<=n)
{
update(u,-1); return;
}
reset(l[u]); reset(r[u]);
}
void push(int u)
{
if (u<=n)
{
update(u,1); return;
}
push(l[u]), push(r[u]);
}
void calc(int u)
{
if (u<=n)
{
sum += get(n)-get(u); return;
}
calc(l[u]); calc(r[u]);
}
void dfs(int u)
{
if (u<=n)
{
update(u,1); return;
}
dfs(r[u]);
reset(r[u]);
dfs(l[u]); sum = 0;
calc(r[u]); push(r[u]);
ans += min(sum, sz[l[u]]*sz[r[u]]-sum);
}
int init()
{
int x; cin>>x;
if (x)
{
sz[x] = 1; return x;
}
idx++; int i = idx-1;
l[i] = init();
r[i] = init();
sz[i] += sz[l[i]] + sz[r[i]];
//cout<<i<<endl<<l[i]<<" "<<r[i]<<endl;
if (sz[l[i]]<sz[r[i]]) swap(l[i],r[i]);
return i;
}
void solve()
{
cin>>n;
idx = n+1;
int root = init();
dfs(root);
cout<<ans;
}
signed main()
{
bruh
//freopen("input.inp","r",stdin);
//freopen("output.inp","w",stdout);
int t = 1;
//cin>>t;
while (t--)
{
solve();
cout<<"\n";
}
}
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