This submission is migrated from previous version of oj.uz, which used different machine for grading. This submission may have different result if resubmitted.
// CF template, version 3.0
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define improvePerformance ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0)
#define getTest int t; cin >> t
#define eachTest for (int _var=0;_var<t;_var++)
#define get(name) int (name); cin >> (name)
#define out(o) cout << (o)
#define getList(cnt, name) vector<int> (name); for (int _=0;_<(cnt);_++) { get(a); (name).push_back(a); }
#define sortl(name) sort((name).begin(), (name).end())
#define rev(name) reverse((name).begin(), (name).end())
#define forto(name, var) for (int (var) = 0; (var) < (name); (var)++)
#define decision(b) if (b){out("YES");}else{out("NO");}
#define int long long int
template <typename T, typename I>
struct segtree {
    int n;
    vector<T> tree;
    vector<I> initial;
    T id;
    segtree(int i_n, vector<I> i_initial, T i_id): n(i_n), initial(i_initial), id(i_id) {
        tree.resize(4 * n);
    }
    T conquer(T left, T right) {
        // write your conquer function
    }
    T value(I inp) {
        // write your value function
    }
    void build(int v, int l, int r) {
        if (l == r) tree[v] = value(initial[l]);
        else {
            int middle = (l + r) / 2;
            build(2 * v, l, middle);
            build(2 * v + 1, middle + 1, r);
            tree[v] = conquer(tree[2 * v], tree[2 * v + 1]);
        }
    }
    void upd(int v, int l, int r, int i, I x) {
        if (l == r) tree[v] = value(x);
        else {
            int middle = (l + r) / 2;
            if (middle >= i) upd(2 * v, l, middle, i, x);
            else upd(2 * v + 1, middle + 1, r, i, x);
            tree[v] = conquer(tree[2 * v], tree[2 * v + 1]);
        }
    }
    T query(int v, int l, int r, int ql, int qr) {
        if (ql <= l && r <= qr) return tree[v];
        else if (r < ql || qr < l) return id;
        int middle = (l + r) / 2;
        T left = query(2 * v, l, middle, ql, qr);
        T right = query(2 * v + 1, middle + 1, r, ql, qr);
        return conquer(left, right);
    }
};
// vector<int>
vector<vector<int>> adjList;
vector<vector<array<int, 4>>> topnodes;
vector<int> nums;
priority_queue<array<int, 4>> pq;
vector<int> loss;
int s;
int dfs(int v) {
    s += nums[v];
    int sum = nums[v];
    int dpsum = 0;
    for (int con: adjList[v]) {
        sum += dfs(con);
        dpsum += loss[con];
    }
    loss[v] = min({0ll, sum, dpsum});
    return sum;
}
signed main() {
    improvePerformance;
    //getTest;
    
    //eachTest {
        // only solves the path case.
        get(n);
        cin >> s;
        int ors = s;
        adjList.resize(n);
        topnodes.resize(n);
        vector<int> roots;
        forto(n, i) {
            get(x);
            get(p);
            nums.push_back(x);
            if (p) adjList[p - 1].push_back(i);
            else roots.push_back(i);
        }
        loss.resize(n, 0);
        for (int root: roots) {
            dfs(root);
            s -= loss[root];
        }
        out(s - ors);
    //}
}
Compilation message (stderr)
Main.cpp: In function 'int main()':
Main.cpp:10:23: warning: unnecessary parentheses in declaration of 'n' [-Wparentheses]
   10 | #define get(name) int (name); cin >> (name)
      |                       ^
Main.cpp:96:9: note: in expansion of macro 'get'
   96 |         get(n);
      |         ^~~
Main.cpp:15:35: warning: unnecessary parentheses in declaration of 'i' [-Wparentheses]
   15 | #define forto(name, var) for (int (var) = 0; (var) < (name); (var)++)
      |                                   ^
Main.cpp:102:9: note: in expansion of macro 'forto'
  102 |         forto(n, i) {
      |         ^~~~~
Main.cpp:10:23: warning: unnecessary parentheses in declaration of 'x' [-Wparentheses]
   10 | #define get(name) int (name); cin >> (name)
      |                       ^
Main.cpp:103:13: note: in expansion of macro 'get'
  103 |             get(x);
      |             ^~~
Main.cpp:10:23: warning: unnecessary parentheses in declaration of 'p' [-Wparentheses]
   10 | #define get(name) int (name); cin >> (name)
      |                       ^
Main.cpp:104:13: note: in expansion of macro 'get'
  104 |             get(p);
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